IMPLEMENTASI MODEL PEMBELAJARAN FLIPPED CLASSROOM DALAM MENGEMBANGKAN KEMAMPUAN BERPIKIR KRITIS SISWA KELAS V PADA PEMBELAJARAN AKIDAH AKHLAK DI MADRASAH IBTIDAIYAH AT-TAQWA SURABAYA: Implementation of the Flipped Classroom Learning Model in Developing Critical Thinking Skills of Fifth-Grade Students in Akidah Akhlak Learning at Madrasah Ibtidaiyah At-Taqwa Surabaya. TA’LIMUNA (Online). 2026;15(2):419-435. doi:10.32478/85qwx671