Keteladanan, Pembiasaan, Dan Pengawasan Humanis: Guru Pendidikan Agama Islam Dan Kedisiplinan Siswa Sekolah Dasar

Abstract

Discipline is a core character value in primary education, yet its cultivation is often reduced to rules and punishment that produce only short-term compliance. Studies on teachers' roles in discipline have mostly focused on homeroom teachers or on single strategies, while the role of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) teachers, who can connect discipline with religious obligation, has received less attention. This study aims to analyse the roles of PAI teachers in instilling discipline in students at SDN Gondowangi 03, Malang, as well as the supporting and inhibiting factors and the strategies used to overcome them. It employed a qualitative case study design with data collected through in-depth interviews with the PAI teacher and the principal, observation, and documentation, and analysed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldaña interactive model. The findings show that PAI teachers instil discipline through five interrelated roles: role model, habituator through religious and daily routines, humanistic supervisor, spiritual and moral guide, and facilitator. Parental involvement, teachers' time management, and consistent school rules support these efforts, whereas weak family support, student lateness, and limited facilities hinder them. The study proposes a model of modelling, habituation, and humanistic supervision embedded in school–family collaboration.