Adab Kepada Guru: Pembinaan Akhlak Murid Melalui Keteladanan, Pembiasaan, Dan Hukuman Edukatif Di Madrasah Diniyah

Abstract

Cases of students disrespecting and even assaulting teachers indicate a weakening of adab toward teachers in Indonesian education. Studies on classical ethics texts such as Taisir al-Khalaq have mostly described the values taught, while less is known about how student conduct toward teachers is fostered in daily madrasah life and what results it produces. This study aims to describe the implementation and results of fostering students' adab toward teachers at Madrasah Diniyah Roudhotus Shibyan Ngawonggo, Tajinan, Malang. It employed a qualitative case study design using participant observation, interviews with the head, teachers, and students, and documentation, with interactive analysis and triangulation. Adab is fostered through four methods: teacher role modelling, habituation in daily religious routines, non-physical educative punishment, and supplementary religious activities. As a result, students became accustomed to greeting, shaking hands with, and speaking politely (krama inggil) to teachers, became more disciplined in learning, and avoided serious misconduct toward teachers. The study suggests that adab toward teachers grows from the combination of example, routine, and corrective guidance, while punishment should be designed so that religious practices are not perceived as penalties.